1) The basic concept of my country’s smart grid
The smart grid is based on a strong grid, supported by a communication information platform, and intelligently controlled as a means. It has the characteristics of informatization, automation and interaction, including the power generation, transmission, transformation, distribution, and consumption of the power system. Dispatching all links, covering all voltage levels, to achieve a highly integrated integration of “power flow, information flow, and business flow”.
The connotation of a strong smart grid includes five aspects: strong and reliable, cost-effective, clean and environmentally friendly, transparent and open, and friendly and interactive. Strong and reliable refers to a strong grid structure, strong power transmission capacity, and safe and reliable power supply; cost-effective refers to improving grid operation and transmission efficiency, reducing operating costs, and promoting efficient use of energy resources and power assets; clean and environmentally friendly It refers to promoting the development and utilization of renewable energy, reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions, and increasing the proportion of clean electricity in the final energy consumption; transparent and open refers to the transparent sharing of information on the power grid, power supply and users, and the non-discriminatory opening of the power grid; friendliness; Interaction refers to the realization of flexible adjustments to the operation mode of the power grid, which is friendly and compatible with the access and exit of various power sources and users, and promotes the active participation of power generation enterprises and users in the regulation of power grid operation.
(2) Smart grid supports the development of smart cities
With the continuous improvement and improvement of urban functions, smart cities have put forward higher demands on smart grids: energy supply is safer and more reliable, ensuring the normal operation of urban functions; energy quality is cleaner and environmentally friendly, and urban pollutant emissions are reduced; information resource integration More optimization promotes efficient use of urban resources; more scientific management of power grid enterprises to provide high-quality urban power supply services.
Smart grids support the safe and reliable supply of urban energy. The smart grid uses advanced sensing, communication, and control technologies to continuously and real-time monitor, evaluate, and predict the operating status of the power grid through the promotion of smart substations, power transmission and transformation equipment status monitoring, and distribution automation. Control or improve bad conditions; formulate preventive measures for possible operational risks, improve the power grid risk early warning capability, ensure the safety of the power grid, and provide safe and reliable energy for urban operations.
Smart grid supports the development of clean and low-carbon cities. Through the implementation of large-scale clean energy grid-connected projects, electric vehicles and other projects, smart grids can achieve clean substitution on the power supply side and electric power substitution on the terminal side, increase the proportion of clean power in the urban energy consumption system, and enable the development of clean and low-carbon cities. For the use of clean energy, on the one hand, the smart grid will improve the power grid’s ability to absorb clean energy by carrying out UHV, large-scale wind power, photovoltaic power generation power prediction and operation control projects, and will be far away from the continuous supply of clean energy in the city. Transport to the city; on the other hand, through the development of distributed energy access to the distribution network project, to achieve the local balance of energy, and promote the use of new energy. The large-scale application of electric vehicles has transformed the original polluting fuel method into a clean electricity method, which will greatly reduce carbon dioxide emissions and promote the green development of urban transportation.
Smart grid supports the efficient use of urban resources. Through the construction of a communication platform, the smart grid assists in building a city’s neural network and realizes the efficient use of city resources. The communication platform of the electric power industry can not only serve the entire process of electric energy production, transmission, conversion and consumption, but also serve the information and communication needs of other industries, enabling efficient use of resources. The power fiber to the home can also effectively carry telecommunications networks, radio and television networks and Internet signals, promote the “three networks”, reduce redundant construction, and achieve win-win cooperation through resource sharing.
Smart grids support social services and are interactive and friendly. The smart grid realizes social service interaction and friendliness through smart power management and two-way interactive service platforms. Smart communities and buildings comprehensively utilize technologies such as communications, computers, and control, and based on smart power operation platforms, monitor and control energy-using equipment through community power distribution automation, power-use information collection and other means to achieve user-side energy efficiency intelligent management and services Two-way interaction provides users with more convenient and better power services. In addition, two-way interactive service platforms such as 95598 have also greatly improved the interaction and friendliness of electricity services.
(3) Benefit analysis of smart grid supporting the development of smart cities
At present, my country leads the world in the construction of smart grids in various fields. Distribution automation was piloted and promoted in 24 urban core areas. More than 120 million smart meters were installed, 353 electric vehicle charging stations, 14,703 charging piles were built, and 257,000 households were covered by fiber-to-the-home power. These smart grid projects have been applied in all areas of the city, fully supporting the development of smart cities, and exerting significant economic and social benefits.
The reliability of power supply is improved. In Beijing, through the construction and transformation of the existing distribution grid and equipment, the coverage and practicality of distribution automation have been greatly improved. In 2012, the average power outage time of urban households dropped from 1.62 hours to 1.33 hours. Xiamen learns from the advanced concepts of power distribution network development in developed international cities, and first tries to build a smart city distribution network. The reliability rate of power supply across the island has reached 99.993%, reaching the domestic leading level and the world’s advanced level.
Energy conservation. Since April 2013, the distributed power sources of 9 users in Tianjin have been formally connected to the grid for power generation, with a power generation capacity of 4664 kW and a cumulative power generation of 840,000 kWh, which is equivalent to reducing the burning of 336 tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 837 Ton. Since February 2013, Heilongjiang has transferred surplus wind power to North China, which has promoted the optimal allocation of power resources between Northeast and North China and achieved a win-win situation. As of July 2014, 1.462 billion kWh of wind power had been delivered, saving 500,000 tons of coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4 million tons.
Smart community. Beijing’s Lianxiangyuan and Zhonghong Pixel Community, based on smart power operation management platforms, can realize smart power use, smart home, home energy efficiency, home security, community services, cloud services, and smart sockets, smart gateways and other hardware products. Many businesses such as high-definition video on demand and integrated services. Changchun CITIC City is the country’s first all-electric fiber-to-the-home smart community that supports the integration of three networks. The characteristic of the residential area is one network with multiple functions. The use of laid optical fiber composite low-voltage cables and the use of specific technologies can provide users with telecommunications, cable television and Internet services to achieve efficient use of resources. Users can remotely control home appliances through the Internet through their mobile phones, making residents’ lives more intelligent and convenient. As of 2012, 16258 households in 8 provinces and cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangxi have realized power fiber-to-the-home operation.
Industry-driven. The development of smart grids is closely related to technologies such as information and communication, energy, and computers, and has a significant leading role in my country’s strategic emerging industries. According to estimates, 10 billion yuan of intelligent investment will directly and indirectly drive about 40 billion yuan in output and increase about 70,000 jobs. During the period from 2011 to 2020, the national intelligentization is expected to invest 430 billion yuan, which will drive about 1.700 billion yuan in output and increase about 3 million jobs.
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